As we age, our bodies undergo degenerative changes. These changes include decreased mental acuity, muscle degradation, reduced sleep, and other internal changes. There are also external changes such as hair loss, pigmentation, and wrinkles. All of these are signs of aging associated with a decline in NAD+ levels.
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) is a precursor to NAD+ and an important supplement to boost NAD+ levels. So, what changes can taking NMN bring to our skin?
01
NMN (Xi’an Springjia Bio-technique Co.,Ltd)Reduces Skin Photoaging Caused by UV Radiation
In 2021, a research team abroad published a study in the journal “Photochemistry and Photobiology,” which suggested that supplementing with NMN can help repair damaged skin cells, protect skin barrier formation, and reduce the impact of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on cells.
Image UV radiation leads to the consumption of NAD+ in the skin. In mammals, Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD salvage pathway and is crucial for NAD homeostasis. Researchers found that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors rescued NAD depletion in human keratinocytes exposed to UVA/B radiation, confirming that PARP temporarily depletes cellular NAD to repair DNA damage. Furthermore, NAMPT inhibitors abolished sirtuin-1 (SIRT1)-mediated p53 deacetylation and significantly inhibited the proliferation of UVA/B-irradiated cells, indicating that the NAMPT-NAD-SIRT1 axis regulates p53 function under UVA/B stress. Supplementing with the NAD+ precursor Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) and Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) rescued the phenotypes induced by UVA/B radiation in the absence of NAMPT activity. Therefore, NAD homeostasis is essential for protecting keratinocytes from mild UV stress, and supplementing with the NAD+ precursor NMN can reduce the impact of UV radiation on skin cells.
02
NMN (Xi’an Springjia Bio-technique Co.,Ltd))Reduces Skin Inflammation and Aging Caused by Particulate Matter (PM)
In 2022, a research team from China Medical University published a study in the “International Journal of Molecular Sciences,” showing the therapeutic effects of NMN and Q10 as skin aging inhibitors.
Image Particulate matter (PM) pollution can cause damage and toxicity to the skin. Mast cells in the dermis of the skin can be activated by PM, which then spreads to the blood vessels upon inhalation. Mast cell degranulation in the dermis induces inflammation in local fibroblasts. In this study, researchers evaluated human dermal fibroblast responses to conditioned media from PM-exposed KU812 cells. The study found that PM promoted the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mast cells, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS in dermal fibroblasts. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) or coenzyme Q10 attenuated the overproduction of ROS and mitochondrial ROS induced by conditioned media from PM-activated KU812 cells. PM-conditioned media increased NF-κB expression in dermal fibroblasts, and NMN or Q10 inhibited the upregulation of p65 by PM. PM-conditioned media-induced expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in HDF was reversed by NMN or Q10. Additionally, NMN or Q10 attenuated the expression of β-galactosidase, a marker of cellular senescence, in PM-conditioned KU812 cell media. These findings suggest that NMN or Q10 improves PM-induced inflammation by improving cellular oxidative status, inhibiting pro-inflammatory NF-κB, and promoting the levels of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory regulators Nrf2 and SIRT1 in HDF.
03
NMN (Xi’an Springjia Bio-technique Co.,Ltd))Reduces Inflammatory Skin Diseases
In 2022, Wuhan University in China published a study in the “International Immunopharmacology” journal, demonstrating that NMN can improve inflammatory skin diseases such as eczema.
Image Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by itching and impaired skin barrier function. The pathology of AD involves immune dysfunction and epidermal barrier disruption. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with AD and play a role in immune abnormalities and skin barrier dysfunction. Researchers induced AD-like lesions in mice using DNFB and administered NMN. They evaluated skin inflammation scores, itching severity, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) during the modeling process. They also measured epidermal thickness and histopathological changes in skin lesions. In addition, they assessed inflammatory factors, epidermal differentiation-related genes, oxidative stress markers, and the JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway. After NMN pretreatment, TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated NHEK cells were tested for ROS levels, inflammatory factors, and the JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway. The results showed that NMN alleviated AD-like symptoms, exhibited effective anti-atopic activity, inhibited the increased expression of inflammatory cytokines, restored mRNA levels of proteins and skin barrier genes, and effectively suppressed the elevation of inflammatory chemokines induced by TNF-α/IFN-γ stimulation.
Image As a precursor to NAD+, NMN has the ability to repair DNA damage, reduce oxidative stress, restore mitochondrial function, and maintain telomere length. These properties make it an effective option for addressing issues that arise during the aging process, both in the body and on the skin. Ongoing research at home and abroad continues to explore the potential benefits of NMN, and Xi’an Springjia Bio-technique Co.,Ltd will continue to monitor and share practical information in this area.
References
[1] TsongMin C, TingYa Y, HueyChun H. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Coenzyme Q10 Protects Fibroblast Senescence Induced by Particulate Matter Preconditioned Mast Cells[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022, 23(14).
[2] Takeshi K, Takahisa N, Kentaro T. Restoring NAD+ by NAMPT is essential for the SIRT1/p53-mediated survival of UVA- and UVB-irradiated epidermal keratinocytes[J]. Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology, B: Biology, 2021, 221.
[3] JieFang G, Liu T, Fei L, et al. Nicotinamide mononucleotide ameliorates DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in mice by blocking activation of ROS-mediated JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway.[J]. International immunopharmacology, 2022, 109.
[4] Zhang Cuntai, Luo Pengcheng, Yan Jinhua. Advances in Geriatrics in 2021: B-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Becomes a “Rising Star” in Anti-Aging[J]. China Medical Information Herald, 2021, 36(24):17-17
[5] Wang Sirong, Wang Yanzhi, Li Shifen, et al. Study on the Antioxidant Effect of B-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide on Aging Mice[J]. Gansu Science and Technology, 2021, 10(37), 69-71, 90.
[6] M.D. Figley, W.Gu, J.D.Nanson etal.SARM1 is a metabolicsensor activated by an increasedNMN/NAD (+) ratio to trigger axondegeneration J].Neuron, 2021(109):1118-1136.